
Customizing BGP Services
114065 Rev. A 6-21
Designing a Route Selection Strategy
A BGP speaker must, at times, evaluate and compare different paths to a
destination network to determine the best path. Because all border routers must
provide the same view of the AS to external ASs, having a selection strategy that
is consistent in the router, and that can be consistent across all border routers, is
very important in BGP. To select the best available path, BGP uses AS weights
and classes and IP policies.
Assigning AS Weight and Class Values
You can assign a weight class to any AS number and a weight value to a weight
class.
AS weight classes allow a network administrator to assign multiple weight values
to the same AS. This feature allows the administrator to consider an AS path
differently for different networks. For example, consider a situation in which two
networks -- 192.32.1.0 and 192.32.2.0 -- are both reachable by two paths. The first
path to each network shares a common AS -- AS 5. The second path to each
network also shares a common AS -- AS 10. If the administrator for some reason
wants to favor AS 5 in the path to 192.32.1.0 and AS 10 in the path to 192.32.2.0,
she can assign one weight class to the AS as a component in the path to network
192.32.1.0 and another class to the AS component in the path to 192.32.2.0.
An assigned weight can range from 1 to 15 plus an infinity value. Weights provide
a way either to prefer or to avoid routes that pass through certain ASs. The
weights of each AS in a path are added, and the path with the smallest total weight
is the preferred path. Any path containing an AS weight of infinity will be
avoided.
When a BGP router receives a new route, it is evaluated against any existing
accept policies. If after this evaluation, the path still is to be used, the total weight
of the path is calculated.
AS weights should be configured the same on all BGP routers in an AS.
You can use Site Manager to assign a weight and a weight class to an AS.
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