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IP Concepts, Terminology, and Features
117356-A Rev. A 1-13
Route Weights
Route-weight calculation is an internal tool that IP uses to facilitate selection of
the best route among alternative routes to the same destination. Route-selection
criteria are encoded into the route weight in a way that allows IP to compare
routes simply by comparing their weight values, regardless of route sources.
A
ppendix D contains a worksheet that you can you use to calculate route weights
in your configuration.
Route-weight calculation increases the efficiency of the route-selection process
and at the same time reduces the size of the routing database, since all route
selection parameters for each route are encoded in a single integer -- the weight
value -- rather than stored in separate variables.
Using selection criteria encoded in the route weight, IP chooses routes in the
following order:
• The route with the highest preference value (see “Route Preferences” on
page 1-12)
• A direct or OSPF intra-area route with the lowest metric
• A direct route with the lowest metric
• An OSPF intra-area route with the lowest metric
• An OSPF interarea route with the lowest metric
• An OSPF Type 1 external route with the lowest metric
• A BGP route with the highest LOCAL_PREF value
• A RIP route with the lowest metric
• An EGP route with the lowest metric
• A static route with the lowest metric
• An OSPF Type 2 external route with a metric type earlier than Router
Software Version 8.00.
Note: If OSPF is configured to propagate external routes using the route
weight as the Type 2 metric, routes that are received as OSPF ASE Type 2
routes are evaluated according to their respective origins (for example, RIP or
BGP).
- Configuring IP 1
- Services 1
- Contents 5
- 117356-A Rev. A 10
- About This Guide 21
- Before You Begin 22
- Conventions 22
- Acronyms 23
- Bay Networks Customer Service 25
- How to Get Help 25
- Chapter 1 27
- IP Addresses 28
- 117356-A Rev. A 1-3 29
- Subnet Addressing 30
- 117356-A Rev. A 1-5 31
- 1-6 117356-A Rev. A 32
- Supernet Addressing 33
- Autonomous Systems 34
- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 36
- Router Discovery Protocol 37
- Route Preferences 38
- Route Weights 39
- 1-14 117356-A Rev. A 40
- Figure 1-3. IP Routing Table 41
- 1-16 117356-A Rev. A 42
- 117356-A Rev. A 1-17 43
- IP Traffic Filters 44
- RFC Compliance 44
- Chapter 2 47
- Starting IP 48
- 117356-A Rev. A 2-3 49
- Starting RIP 50
- Starting OSPF 51
- Starting BGP 52
- 117356-A Rev. A 2-7 53
- Chapter 3 55
- Deleting IP from an Interface 57
- Customizing IP 57
- Adding RIP to an IP Interface 59
- Customizing RIP 60
- Customizing OSPF 62
- Deleting BGP from the Router 64
- Customizing BGP 65
- Starting EGP 66
- Deleting EGP from the Router 67
- Customizing EGP 67
- Starting NAT 68
- 3-16 117356-A Rev. A 70
- 3-18 117356-A Rev. A 72
- 117356-A Rev. A 3-19 73
- 3-20 117356-A Rev. A 74
- Chapter 4 77
- 4-2 117356-A Rev. A 78
- The IP global prompt appears 79
- 4-4 117356-A Rev. A 80
- 4-8 117356-A Rev. A 84
- Bay Supported 85
- 4-10 117356-A Rev. A 86
- 4-22 117356-A Rev. A 98
- Customizing an IP Interface 100
- Customizing IP Services 101
- Configuring IP Services 102
- 4-26 117356-A Rev. A 102
- 4-28 117356-A Rev. A 104
- Using Site Manager 106
- Using the BCC 106
- Configuring SMDS 121
- 4-46 117356-A Rev. A 122
- Configuring an SMDS Address 125
- Defining an Adjacent Host 132
- Defining a Static Route 134
- Defining a Default Route 135
- 4-60 117356-A Rev. A 136
- Choosing a Broadcast Type 138
- 4-64 117356-A Rev. A 140
- Chapter 5 141
- Configuring Address Resolution 141
- ARP Overview 142
- 117356-A Rev. A 5-3 143
- 5-6 117356-A Rev. A 146
- Figure 5-2. Proxy ARP Example 149
- Chapter 6 155
- Customizing RIP Services 155
- Setting the RIP Diameter 157
- Customizing a RIP Interface 158
- 6-6 117356-A Rev. A 160
- Selecting the RIP Version 162
- Specifying the Update Mode 165
- Sending Triggered Updates 167
- Listening for a Default Route 177
- 6-24 117356-A Rev. A 178
- Configuring RIP Policies 186
- Chapter 7 191
- Customizing OSPF Services 191
- OSPF Concepts and Terminology 192
- OSPF Neighbors 193
- Neighbor Adjacencies 194
- Designated Routers 194
- OSPF Areas 195
- OSPF Router Types 196
- AS External Routes 196
- OSPF Implementation Notes 197
- OSPF interfaces 198
- For example: 199
- 7-10 117356-A Rev. A 200
- Supplying an OSPF ID 202
- 7-18 117356-A Rev. A 208
- Figure 7-2. OSPF ASE Routes 208
- 7-20 117356-A Rev. A 210
- (default) 212
- Setting the Holddown Timer 213
- Configuring Message Logging 214
- 7-28 117356-A Rev. A 218
- Enabling and Disabling OSPF 220
- Configuring an Area ID 221
- Specifying the Network Type 222
- 7-34 117356-A Rev. A 224
- Estimating the Transit Delay 228
- Setting the Hello Interval 231
- Setting the Dead Interval 233
- Specifying the Metric Cost 236
- Specifying the MTU Size 239
- Defining an Area 242
- Supplying an ID for the Area 243
- Modifying an Area ID 245
- Configuring Authentication 246
- Configuring a Summary Route 248
- Configuring a Stub Area 250
- 7-62 117356-A Rev. A 252
- 7-64 117356-A Rev. A 254
- 7-66 117356-A Rev. A 256
- 7-70 117356-A Rev. A 260
- Chapter 8 261
- Configuring BGP Services 261
- BGP Concepts and Terminology 262
- Configuring BGP Services 263
- IBGP in a Transit AS 264
- BGP Path Attributes 265
- 8-6 117356-A Rev. A 266
- BGP-4 Local Preference Values 267
- BGP Implementation Notes 268
- Configuring BGP on the Router 269
- Enabling and Disabling BGP 270
- Supplying a BGP Identifier 272
- Identifying the Local AS 273
- Setting the Interval Timer 276
- Enabling Multihop Connections 279
- Configuring BGP as a Soloist 281
- 8-26 117356-A Rev. A 286
- Negotiating the BGP Version 288
- Keeping the Connection Alive 290
- Specifying a Holddown Time 294
- Setting the Route Echo Switch 301
- 8-44 117356-A Rev. A 304
- 117356-A Rev. A 8-45 305
- 8-46 117356-A Rev. A 306
- Configuring Routing Policies 308
- 8-52 117356-A Rev. A 312
- OSPF/BGP Interaction 314
- Chapter 9 317
- Customizing EGP Services 317
- EGP Concepts and Terminology 318
- 9-4 117356-A Rev. A 320
- EGP Implementation Notes 321
- Customizing EGP on the Router 322
- Supplying a Local AS Number 323
- Configuring a Neighbor 324
- Specifying the Gateway Mode 326
- Choosing the Acquisition Mode 328
- Choosing the Poll Mode 329
- Setting Neighbor Timers 330
- Chapter 10 331
- 10-2 117356-A Rev. A 332
- Security Label Format 333
- 10-4 117356-A Rev. A 334
- Inbound IP Datagrams 335
- Forwarded IP Datagrams 335
- Originated IP Datagrams 336
- Unlabeled IP Datagrams 336
- Enabling and Disabling RIPSO 337
- 10-8 117356-A Rev. A 338
- 10-10 117356-A Rev. A 340
- 10-12 117356-A Rev. A 342
- 10-14 117356-A Rev. A 344
- Outbound Datagrams 345
- Error Datagrams 346
- RIPSO Example 347
- 10-18 117356-A Rev. A 348
- Figure 10-2. RIPSO Example 348
- Chapter 11 349
- 11-2 117356-A Rev. A 350
- BFE Addressing 351
- 117356-A Rev. A 11-5 353
- 11-6 117356-A Rev. A 354
- (continued) 355
- 11-8 117356-A Rev. A 356
- 117356-A Rev. A 11-9 357
- Chapter 12 359
- Overview 360
- 117356-A Rev. A 12-3 361
- 12-4 117356-A Rev. A 362
- 12-6 117356-A Rev. A 364
- Static Mapping 365
- 12-8 117356-A Rev. A 366
- Enabling and Disabling NAT 367
- 12-10 117356-A Rev. A 368
- Configuring the Log Mask 370
- Table 12-2. Log Message Types 371
- 12-14 117356-A Rev. A 372
- Customizing a NAT Interface 374
- Modifying the Interface Type 375
- Configuring Static Mapping 376
- Adding a Local Address Range 378
- 12-22 117356-A Rev. A 380
- Adding a Global Address Range 381
- 12-24 117356-A Rev. A 382
- Appendix A 385
- Site Manager Parameters 385
- 386
- 389
- A-8 117356-A Rev. A 392
- A-10 117356-A Rev. A 394
- A-12 117356-A Rev. A 396
- A-14 117356-A Rev. A 398
- A-16 117356-A Rev. A 400
- EGP Parameters 401
- 402
- 403
- 403
- A-20 117356-A Rev. A 404
- IP Parameters 405
- A-22 117356-A Rev. A 406
- A-24 117356-A Rev. A 408
- 410
- A-28 117356-A Rev. A 412
- A-30 117356-A Rev. A 414
- A-32 117356-A Rev. A 416
- 419
- A-36 117356-A Rev. A 420
- 421
- 422
- 423
- A-46 117356-A Rev. A 430
- 434
- A-52 117356-A Rev. A 436
- A-54 117356-A Rev. A 438
- 443
- A-60 117356-A Rev. A 444
- OSPF Parameters 445
- A-62 117356-A Rev. A 446
- A-64 117356-A Rev. A 448
- 449
- 450
- 450
- 452
- A-70 117356-A Rev. A 454
- A-72 117356-A Rev. A 456
- 457
- 457
- 460
- Area Range Parameters 462
- 463
- A-82 117356-A Rev. A 466
- RIP Parameters 467
- 468
- 469
- A-86 117356-A Rev. A 470
- 473
- NAT Parameters 474
- 476
- Appendix B 479
- Routing Policies 479
- B-2 117356-A Rev. A 480
- 482
- B-6 117356-A Rev. A 484
- 486
- B-10 117356-A Rev. A 488
- B-12 117356-A Rev. A 490
- B-14 117356-A Rev. A 492
- B-16 117356-A Rev. A 494
- if the Action 496
- IP Announce Policy Parameters 498
- B-22 117356-A Rev. A 500
- B-24 117356-A Rev. A 502
- B-26 117356-A Rev. A 504
- B-28 117356-A Rev. A 506
- B-30 117356-A Rev. A 508
- B-32 117356-A Rev. A 510
- B-34 117356-A Rev. A 512
- B-36 117356-A Rev. A 514
- B-38 117356-A Rev. A 516
- 517
- B-42 117356-A Rev. A 520
- 522
- 523
- B-46 117356-A Rev. A 524
- B-50 117356-A Rev. A 528
- 529
- B-52 117356-A Rev. A 530
- Appendix C 531
- C-2 117356-A Rev. A 532
- 533
- RIP Export Filters 535
- C-6 117356-A Rev. A 536
- 537
- OSPF Import Filters 538
- OSPF Export Filters 539
- C-10 117356-A Rev. A 540
- BGP-3 Import Filters 542
- 117356-A Rev. A C-13 543
- C-16 117356-A Rev. A 546
- BGP-3 Export Filters 547
- C-18 117356-A Rev. A 548
- EGP Import Filters 551
- EGP Export Filters 553
- C-24 117356-A Rev. A 554
- 555
- 117356-A Rev. A C-27 557
- Appendix D 559
- Route Weight Worksheet 559
- D-2 117356-A Rev. A 560
- D-4 117356-A Rev. A 562
- Appendix E 563
- IP/OSPF Configuration 563
- E-2 117356-A Rev. A 564
- IP/OSPF Configuration 565
- E-4 117356-A Rev. A 566
- E-6 117356-A Rev. A 568
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-1 571
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-3 573
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-5 575
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-7 577
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-9 579
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-11 581
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-13 583
- 117356-A Rev. A Index-15 585
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