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Understanding ATM Concepts
114056 Rev. A 2-11
The choice of multiplexing methods that two ATM stations use to exchange
connectionless network traffic depends on the type of virtual circuit involved:
• For PVCs, you select the multiplexing method when you manually configure
the connection.
• For SVCs, the stations themselves negotiate the multiplexing method by
sending B-ISDN signaling messages. These messages include “low-layer
compatibility” information that allows negotiation of AAL5 and the carried
(encapsulation) protocol.
LLC/SNAP Encapsulation
When the same virtual circuit carries several protocols, select LLC/SNAP
encapsulation. LLC/SNAP encapsulation attaches an LLC/SNAP header before
the PDU. This header includes information that the receiver needs to properly
process the incoming PDU. For bridged PDUs, this header also includes the type
of the bridged media.
NULL Encapsulation (VC-Based Multiplexing)
In NULL encapsulation, the carried network protocol is identified implicitly by
the virtual circuit connecting the two ATM stations. Because each protocol must
travel over a separate virtual circuit, there is no need to include explicit
multiplexing information in the payload of the PDU. This means that the
bandwidth requirements and processing overhead remain minimal.
You can either manually configure the carried protocol or let the signaling
procedures negotiate it dynamically during call establishment.
NULL encapsulation cells do not receive a header in a routed environment. In a
bridged environment, the content of the PDU itself includes the necessary
information for bridging the multiplexed protocols.
Note: Routed and bridged PDUs are always encapsulated within the payload
field of the AAL5 CPCS PDU, regardless of the selected multiplexing method.
- Configuring ATM 1
- Services 1
- Bay Networks Software License 3
- (continued) 4
- Contents 5
- 114056 Rev. A 10
- About This Guide 19
- Before You Begin 20
- Conventions 20
- Acronyms 21
- World Wide Web 27
- Customer Service FTP 27
- Support Source CD 28
- CompuServe 28
- InfoFACTS 29
- How to Get Help 29
- Chapter 1 31
- Starting ATM 31
- Adding ATM to the Router 32
- Defining a Service Record 33
- 114056 Rev. A 1-5 35
- Supported Protocols 36
- Adding PVCs 38
- Chapter 2 41
- Understanding ATM Concepts 41
- 2-2 114056 Rev. A 42
- Figure 2-2. ATM Cell Header 42
- Data Transmission 43
- VP = Virtual path 44
- VC = Virtual channel 44
- Physical Layer 45
- ATM Layer 46
- ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL5) 47
- 2-8 114056 Rev. A 48
- Data Encapsulation 49
- 2-10 114056 Rev. A 50
- Encapsulation Rules for PVCs 52
- PVC Access Methods 53
- 2-14 114056 Rev. A 54
- Hybrid Access 55
- 2-16 114056 Rev. A 56
- Figure 2-8. Hybrid PVCs 56
- SVC Access Methods 58
- ATM Traffic Parameters 58
- Variable Bit Rate 59
- Available Bit Rate 59
- Rules for Editing Protocols 60
- ARP and Inverse ARP Support 60
- ATM Error Checking 61
- Converting Mb/s to Cells/s 61
- Example of an ATM Network 62
- Hardware Devices 64
- 2-26 114056 Rev. A 66
- For More Information 68
- Chapter 3 71
- 3-2 114056 Rev. A 72
- ATM Address Resolution 73
- 3-4 114056 Rev. A 74
- 114056 Rev. A 3-5 75
- Chapter 4 77
- LAN Emulation Components 78
- LAN Emulation Server 79
- Broadcast and Unknown Server 79
- 4-4 114056 Rev. A 80
- Initial State 81
- LECS Connect State 81
- Configure State 81
- Join State 81
- Initial Registration State 82
- BUS Connect State 82
- Operational State 82
- Chapter 5 85
- Customizing an ATM Line 85
- 5-2 114056 Rev. A 86
- Assigning the Framing Mode 87
- Defining ATM Cell Insertion 88
- Defining the Interface MTU 89
- 5-6 114056 Rev. A 90
- Specifying DS3 Line Build Out 92
- Chapter 6 95
- Service Records 95
- Autogenerating ATM Addresses 96
- Assigning ATM Addresses 97
- 6-4 114056 Rev. A 98
- Entering an Emulated LAN Name 100
- Defining an Emulated LAN Type 100
- Defining the MTU 101
- Where to Go Next 102
- Chapter 7 103
- Customizing PVCs 103
- Setting a VCI Number 104
- Setting the PCR 105
- Configuring ATM Services 106
- 7-4 114056 Rev. A 106
- Table 7-1. Valid PCR Ranges 106
- Setting the SCR 107
- 7-6 114056 Rev. A 108
- Table 7-2. Valid SCR Ranges 108
- Setting the MBS 109
- Setting the Transmit SDU Size 110
- Setting the Receive SDU Size 110
- Chapter 8 113
- Specifying an Owner 114
- Entering an ELAN Name 114
- Entering a LES ATM Address 114
- Selecting a Configuration Mode 115
- 8-4 114056 Rev. A 116
- Setting the Control Timeout 117
- Setting the Aging Time 118
- 114056 Rev. A 8-7 119
- Setting the Flush Timeout 120
- Entering a LECS ATM Address 121
- Chapter 9 123
- Customizing Signaling 123
- Assigning a Protocol Standard 124
- Setting Connection Thresholds 125
- Setting Signaling Timers 126
- 9-6 114056 Rev. A 128
- 9-8 114056 Rev. A 130
- Defining Retransmissions 131
- Pacing Calls 131
- Chapter 10 133
- Customizing ILMI 133
- Setting the ILMI Get Timer 134
- Setting the ILMI Set Timer 135
- Chapter 11 137
- Changing the ILMI VPI Number 138
- Changing the ILMI VCI Number 138
- Table 11-1. Valid PCR Ranges 139
- Table 11-2. Valid SCR Ranges 141
- Chapter 12 145
- Customizing SAAL 145
- Enabling or Disabling SAAL 146
- Modifying SAAL Timers 146
- Defining PDU Values 148
- Appendix A 151
- Site Manager Parameters 151
- A-2 114056 Rev. A 152
- Using the Menu Path 153
- A-4 114056 Rev. A 154
- 155
- 158
- 162
- A-14 114056 Rev. A 164
- A-18 114056 Rev. A 168
- 170
- A-22 114056 Rev. A 172
- 174
- A-26 114056 Rev. A 176
- A-28 114056 Rev. A 178
- A-30 114056 Rev. A 180
- 181
- 182
- A-34 114056 Rev. A 184
- A-38 114056 Rev. A 188
- A-40 114056 Rev. A 190
- 191
- A-42 114056 Rev. A 192
- A-44 114056 Rev. A 194
- A-46 114056 Rev. A 196
- A-48 114056 Rev. A 198
- A-50 114056 Rev. A 200
- ILMI category 202
- A-54 114056 Rev. A 204
- A-56 114056 Rev. A 206
- A-58 114056 Rev. A 208
- A-60 114056 Rev. A 210
- 212
- A-64 114056 Rev. A 214
- 216
- A-68 114056 Rev. A 218
- A-70 114056 Rev. A 220
- Appendix B 221
- B-2 114056 Rev. A 222
- ATM FRE2 Line Parameters 224
- ATM ARE Line Parameters 224
- (continued) 225
- B-6 114056 Rev. A 226
- Appendix C 229
- ATM Sample Log 229
- C-2 114056 Rev. A 230
- C-4 114056 Rev. A 232
- C-6 114056 Rev. A 234
- C-8 114056 Rev. A 236
- C-10 114056 Rev. A 238
- C-12 114056 Rev. A 240
- C-14 114056 Rev. A 242
- C-16 114056 Rev. A 244
- C-18 114056 Rev. A 246
- C-20 114056 Rev. A 248
- C-22 114056 Rev. A 250
- C-24 114056 Rev. A 252
- C-26 114056 Rev. A 254
- 114056 Rev. A Index-1 257
- 114056 Rev. A Index-3 259
- 114056 Rev. A Index-5 261
- 114056 Rev. A Index-7 263
- 114056 Rev. A Index-9 265
- 114056 Rev. A Index-11 267
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