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Chapter 1

Transmission Control Protocol Overview

In the 1970s, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the

U.S. Department of Defense developed the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

to provide communication among hosts manufactured by different vendors.

DARPA designed TCP to work within a layered hierarchy of networking

protocols, using the Internet Protocol (IP) to transfer data.

This chapter introduces TCP concepts, features, and terminology and consists of

the following sections:

• “Reliability”

• “Connection Types”

• “Connections and Connection States”

• “TCP and IP Service Users”

• “Telnet”

• “File Transfer Protocol”

Reliability

Since IP does not always guarantee reliable transfer of data, TCP implements

several features to ensure that data arrives at its destination uncorrupted and in the

order sent. These features include

•

Sequence numbers.

TCP assigns a sequence number to each data segment it

transmits. The receiving host uses the sequence numbers to make sure that all

the data arrives in order.

1 2 ... 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... 57 58

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Avaya Configuring TCP Services Manual de usuario Pagina 17